Term | Definition |
---|---|
2/3 Toe Syndactyly |
webbing or extra fold of skin between the 2nd and 3rd toes |
5th Finger Clinodactyly |
pinkie is slightly bent inwards toward the ring finger |
Abdominal bloating |
swollen stomach, also know as distention |
Abnormally formed bones in the leg or foot |
bones in the legs and feet that are not formed properly which is something that would be found during a medical exam and/or show up on xrays |
Abnormally formed hip bones/joints |
hip bones and joints that are not formed properly which is something that would be found during a medical exam and/or show up on xrays |
Absence seizures |
stopping activity and staring into space for a few seconds |
Absent or weak DTR |
lack of normal reflexes when a doctor taps each joint with a "reflex hammer." DTR stands for "deep tendon reflex." |
Accupunture |
having fine needles inserted into various points on the body to relieve pain or for therapeutic purposes |
Adenoidectomy |
surgery that removes the adenoids in an attempt to reduce frequent sinus and ear infections |
ADHD |
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood disorders and can continue through adolescence and adulthood. Symptoms include difficulty staying focused and paying attention, easily distracted, difficulty controlling behavior, and hyperactivity (over-activity). Attention deficit disorder (ADD) can occur without the hyperactivity. |
Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) |
watery eyes and sinus infections (stuffy nose) caused by allergic reactions |
Angelman Syndrome |
genetic disorder causing severe delays in understanding and speech, seizures and problems with balance, along with frequent smiling and laughing. |
Antibody titers to vaccination |
laboratory test that measures the presence and amount of antibodies in blood. When a vaccine works, the body produces antibodies. |
Anxiety disorder |
excessive anxiety and worry about a number of events or activities. |
Aortic stenosis |
abnormal narrowing of the aortic heart valve opening. |
Apnea (obstructive, not neurologic) |
temporary interruption of breathing due to obstruction of the upper airway, often associated with a reduction in blood oxygen saturation. |
Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) |
evidence-based modality for teaching children with disabilities. It is the only treatment for Autistic Spectrum disorders approved by the American FDA (Food and Drug Administration). |
Apraxia of speech (verbal apraxia) |
speech disorder in which a person has trouble saying what he or she wants to say correctly and consistently. |
Arachnoid Cyst |
fluid-filled cyst in the brain |
Arrythmia |
abnormal rhythm of the heart, which could be an abnormality of rate, regularity, presence of extra beats or missing beats |
Articulation disorder |
inability to correctly produce speech sounds usually characterized by substitutions, omissions, additions, or distortions that may interfere with intelligibility. |
Articulation therapy |
speech therapy that focus on the motor aspects of speech production. |
Ascites |
accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, resulting in a swollen, uncomfortable condition |
Asthma |
respiratory disorder, often of allergic origin, characterized by difficulty breathing, wheezing, and a sense of constriction in the chest. |
Astigmatism |
condition in which the curvature of the cornea of the eye is uneven, causing a blurring of vision. Astigmatism is normally corrected by glasses. |
Atonic seizures |
minor seizure characterized by a brief lapse in muscle tone caused by a temporary alterations in brain function. The seizures are brief - usually less than 15 seconds. They begin in childhood and may persist into adulthood.The seizure itself causes no damage, but the loss of muscle control can result in injury. |
Atopic dermatitis (eczema) |
chronic skin condition especially of children marked especially by intense itching. |
Atypical absence seizures |
common chronic neurological disorder that is characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. These seizures are transient signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal, excessive neuronal activity in the brain. |
Auditory processing disorder |
disorder in the way auditory information is processed in the brain. It is not a hearing impairment; individuals with APD usually have normal hearing ability. |
Augmentative communication device |
Any device that facilitates communication by those with limited or absent speech (e.g., Communication boards; pictographs–symbols that look like the things they represent; ideographs–symbols representing ideas). |
Augmentative communication system |
The representation system or symbols used in Augmentative and Alternative Communication include gestures, hand signals, photographs, pictures, line drawings, words and letters, which can be used alone or in combination to communicate. |
Autistic enterocolitis |
controversial term first used by [1] British gastroenterologist Andrew Wakefield to describe a number of common clinical symptoms and signs which he contends are distinctive to autism. |
Autoimmune Liver Failure |
disease of the liver that occurs when a person's immune system attacks her or his own liver cells. |
Baby presented breech or transverse |
During pregnancy, a fetus is said to be in a “breech” presentation when the buttocks of the baby are presenting first at the bottom of the uterus, and the head is in the upper part. “Transverse” means a sideways position. The baby has his head to one of his mother’s sides and the bottom across her abdomen at her other side. |
Ballismus |
jerky or shaking movements of the arms or legs, especially such movements occurring in chorea. |
Barium swallow radiograph |
upper gastrointestinal tract radiography, also called an upper GI, is an x-ray examination of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach and first part of the small intestine that uses a special form of x-ray called fluoroscopy and an orally ingested contrast material called barium. |
Behavioral audiometry |
hearing test used in infants which observes their behavior in response to certain sounds |
Bicuspid aortic valve |
A bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a defect of the aortic valve that results in the formation of two leaflets or cusps instead of the normal three. |
BIPAP |
Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure - a breathing apparatus that helps people get more air into their lungs. It uses air pressure to keep the airways open. |
Bipolar/manic depression |
psychiatric diagnosis that describes a category of mood disorders defined by the presence of one or more episodes of abnormally elevated energy levels, cognition, and mood with or without one or more depressive episodes. |
Birth trauma |
physical trauma of childbirth |
Bitemporal Narrowing |
size of the head above the eyebrows is narrow |
Bloating |
abnormal general swelling, or increase in diameter, of the abdominal area. Also known as distention. |
Blood lead level (BLL) |
blood lead level (BLL) is a measure of lead in the body. It is measured in micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood (_g/dL); 10 µg/dL is equivalent to 0.48 micromoles per liter (µmol/L). |
BPD |
bronchopulminary displasia. Damage to, or poor development, of the breathing airways. |
Brain Atrophy |
part of the brain is underdeveloped |
Brainstem evoked auditory response (BEAR |
screening test to identify hearing loss. does not require any behavioral response from the person being tested. Can be used with newborn infants and non-verbal children. It is a method employed to assess not only the ears, but also the cranial nerves, and various brain functions of the brain stem. Typically requires sedation. |
Breathing difficulties |
difficult or uncomfortable breathing or a feeling of not getting enough air. |
Bulbous Nose |
tip of the nose is round or bulb-shaped |
Cardiologist |
doctor who specializes in treating heart disorders. |